|
The people of Northern Ireland are "all persons born in Northern Ireland and having, at the time of their birth, at least one parent who is a British citizen, an Irish citizen or is otherwise entitled to reside in Northern Ireland without any restriction on their period of residence,"〔The Good Friday Agreement guarantees the "recognition of the birthright of all the people of Northern Ireland to identify themselves and be accepted as Irish or British, or both, as they may so choose." 〕 under the Belfast Agreement. ''For detailed information about Northern Ireland's population, see Demographics of Northern Ireland.'' ==National identity== In Northern Ireland, national identity is complex and diverse. The three most common identities are British, Northern Irish and Irish. Most people of Protestant background consider themselves British, while a majority of people of Catholic background consider themselves Irish. This has origins in the 17th century Plantation of Ulster, when mainly-Catholic Ulster was colonized by Protestant settlers from Great Britain. In the early 20th century, most Ulster Protestants and Catholics saw themselves as Irish, although Protestants tended to have a much stronger sense of Britishness.〔Walker, Brian. ("British or Irish - who do you think you are?" ). ''Belfast Telegraph'', 10 December 2008.〕 With the onset of the Home Rule Crisis and events that followed, Protestants gradually began to abandon Irish identity,〔 as Irishness and Britishness became more and more to be seen as mutually exclusive. In 1968 – just before the onset of the Troubles – 39% of Protestants described themselves as British and 20% described themselves as Irish, while 32% chose an Ulster identity.〔Moxon-Browne, Edward. ("National identity in Northern Ireland" ). ''Social Attitudes in Northern Ireland: First Report''. Blackstaff Press, 1991.〕 By 1978, following the worst years of the conflict, there had been a large shift in identity amongst Protestants, with the majority (67%) now calling themselves British and only 8% calling themselves Irish.〔〔''Conflict and Consensus: A Study of Values and Attitudes in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland''. Institute of Public Administration, 2005. pp.60-62〕 This shift has not been reversed.〔 Meanwhile, the majority of Catholics have continued to see themselves as Irish.〔 From 1989, 'Northern Irish' began to be included as an identity choice in surveys, and its popularity has grown since then.〔 Some organizations have promoted 'Northern Irish' identity as a way of overcoming sectarian division. In a 1998 survey of students, this was one of the main reasons they gave for choosing that identity, along with a desire to appear 'neutral'.〔McKeown, Shelley. ''Identity, Segregation and Peace-building in Northern Ireland''. Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. p.32〕 However, surveys show that 'Northern Irish' identity tends to have different meanings for Catholics and Protestants.〔 Surveys also show that those choosing 'Northern Irish' regard their national identity as less important than those choosing British and Irish.〔 In the 2011 census, respondents gave their national identity as follows: National Identity by Religion〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/Download/Census%202011_Winzip/2011/DC2239NI%20(a).ZIP )〕 Detail by Religion〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/Download/Census%202011_Winzip/2011/DC2237NI%20(a).ZIP )〕 National Identity by District〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ninis2.nisra.gov.uk/Download/Census%202011_Winzip/2011/DC2240NI%20(a).ZIP )〕 National identity by religion or religion brought up in for each district〔 National Identity by Age〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「People of Northern Ireland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|